After World War II, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county evolved into a major industrial centre due to coal mining, which was given priority in order to meet the industry’s growing demand for energy. Following the change of regime, the processes of deindustrialisation, which affected the various parts of the country very differently due to their diverse characteristics, had serious consequences in this county. Decline in mining had a major role in this. The county’s economic and social indicators still reflect this shock. The 2008 financial crisis shed doubts on the process of deindustrialisation.